Embedded Files
Verb: Going to / will for predictions.
Verb: Going to / will for predictions.
Lesson-plan
Title: Grammar B1 - B1+ & Professional English for Motormen: Lesson Plan on Verb: Predictions
Level: B1-B1+
Category: Future Ship's Motormen in Ukraine
The objective of this lesson is for the students to understand and apply the three future forms ('will', 'be going to', and the present continuous tense) for making predictions in the context of the motorman's responsibilities and develop confidence in using them.
Materials:
Chalk board; Classroom display
Chalk; Notebook
Workbooks, handout with exercises (prepared in advance)
Website.
Duration: 25 minutes
Procedure:
Warm-up (5 minutes)
Engage the students in a discussion about weather predictions they have encountered in their work as motormen.
Ask them to share their experiences and examples of predictions they have made or encountered.
Encourage them to use relevant vocabulary related to predictions.
Introduction (5 minutes)
Introduce the topic of predictions and explain its importance in the context of the motorman's role.
Discuss the different ways of expressing predictions using the future forms: "will," "be going to," and "present continuous tense."
Highlight that accurate predictions are crucial for effective decision-making and ensuring the smooth operation of the engine room.
Presentation of "Will" (3 minutes)
Present the use of "will" for making predictions.
Explain that "will" is used when making spontaneous or instant predictions about the future.
Provide examples specific to the motorman's role, such as "The motorman will report any abnormal vibrations to the chief engineer."
Activity 1: Identify the Use of "Will" for Predictions (5 minutes)
Provide the students with a set of sentences related to the motorman's duties and ask them to identify the correct use of "will" for predictions.
Encourage them to explain their choices and reasoning.
Provide feedback and clarification on the correct answers.
Presentation of "Going to" (3 minutes)
Introduce the use of "be going to" for making predictions.
Explain that "be going to" is used when there is evidence or intention behind the prediction.
Provide examples specific to the motorman's role, such as "The motorman is going to carry out an inspection of the engine room tomorrow."
Presentation of "the Present Continuous Tense" (3 minutes)
Present the use of the present continuous tense for making predictions.
Explain that the present continuous tense is used when there is a plan or arrangement for the future.
Provide examples specific to the motorman's role, such as "The motorman is observing the system's performance as we continue monitoring for any potential issues."
Fill-in-the-blank Exercise (3 minutes)
Provide the students with a fill-in-the-blank exercise using sentences related to predictions and the three future forms.
Ask them to complete the sentences with the appropriate form (will, be going to, or present continuous).
Review and discuss the answers as a class.
Exercise 1: Reporting, Expressing Concerns, and Weather Updates (3 minutes)
Provide the students with a scenario where the motorman needs to report an issue, express concerns, or provide a weather update.
Ask them to create sentences using the appropriate future form for predictions.
Encourage them to be specific and use vocabulary related to their profession.
Exercise 2a: Predicting Future Events Using "Will" (2 minutes)
Provide the students with a set of sentences where they need to predict future events using "will."
Ask them to complete the sentences with their predictions.
Discuss and review the answers together.
Exercise 2b: Predicting Future Events with "Be Going to" (2 minutes)
Provide the students with a set of sentences where they need to predict future events using "be going to."
Ask them to complete the sentences with their predictions.
Discuss and review the answers together.
Exercise 2c: Predicting Future Events with "The Present Continuous Tense" (2 minutes)
Provide the students with a set of sentences where they need to predict future events using the present continuous tense.
Ask them to complete the sentences with their predictions.
Discuss and review the answers together.
Transformation Exercises Exercise 3a: Predicting Future Events Using "Will" (3 minutes)
Provide the students with a set of sentences in the present simple tense.
Ask them to transform the sentences into predictions using "will."
Discuss and review the answers together.
Exercise 3b: Predicting Future Events with "Be Going to" (3 minutes)
Provide the students with a set of sentences in the present simple tense.
Ask them to transform the sentences into predictions using "be going to."
Discuss and review the answers together.
Exercise 3c: Predicting Future Events with "The Present Continuous Tense" (3 minutes)
Provide the students with a set of sentences in the present simple tense.
Ask them to transform the sentences into predictions using the present continuous tense.
Discuss and review the answers together.
Closure (2 minutes)
Recap the key points covered in the lesson regarding predictions and the three future forms.
Highlight the importance of accurate predictions in the motorman's role for maintaining the engine's efficiency and safety.
Encourage the students to practice making predictions using the future forms in their daily work as motormen.
Note: Adjust the timing of each activity as needed to ensure the lesson stays within the 25-minute timeframe.
YouTube Description: Welcome to the professional English lesson for motormen! In this lesson, we will focus on the important skill of making predictions using the three future forms: 'will', 'be going to', and the present continuous tense. Enhance your language proficiency as a motorman by mastering these forms and effectively communicating about future events, reporting concerns, and delivering weather updates. Join us now and take your professional English skills to the next level!
Keywords: professional English, motormen, predictions, future forms, language proficiency, 'will', 'be going to', present continuous tense, communication skills, reporting concerns, weather updates, engine room, safety, efficiency
Podcast:
Podcast Foreword: Welcome to the Vocational School of Water Transport in Kyiv podcast, hosted by Oleksiy Fesenko! In this episode, specially designed for ship's motormen in Ukraine, we will dive into the world of professional English. Join us as we explore grammar topics at a B1-B1+ level and focus on developing the language skills necessary for motormen in the maritime industry. Get ready to enhance your English proficiency understanding of your duties and excel in your career as a motorman!
Podcast Afterword: Thank you for tuning in to the Vocational School of Water Transport in Kyiv podcast with Oleksiy Fesenko. We hope you found this episode on professional English for motormen valuable and informative. Remember to practice and apply the language skills learned in your daily work aboard ships to improve your communication and contribute to the safety and efficiency of engine room operations. Stay tuned for more episodes aimed at enhancing your English language proficiency and professional development.
Podcast 13.2 Going to / will for predictions
MP4 with subtitles. (Part 1) - 28 800 kb ( 28:04min)
MP4 with subtitles. (Part 2)- 32 900 kb 35:45min)
MP3 (Part 1) - 11 300 kb
MP3 (Part 2) - kb
WAV (Part 1) - 77 400 kb.
WAV (Part 2) - kb.
Foreword:
Foreword:
Welcome, motormen, to today's lesson on predictions in professional English. In this session, we will explore the three future forms, namely 'will', 'be going to', and the present continuous tense, and understand how they are used to make accurate predictions in the context of your role as motormen. By the end of this lesson, you will be equipped with the necessary language skills to communicate effectively and confidently about future events and outcomes. Let's dive in and enhance your language proficiency for your valuable work in maintaining engine efficiency and safety.
10_14_Foreword.wavBefore we begin, I want to let you know that we will be using our classroom monitor screen for this lesson. I will be displaying presentations, examples, and exercises on the screen to help us understand and practice the material. Make sure to pay attention to the screen throughout the lesson.
Warm-up
Warm-up
10_14_1.wavIn this exercise, we will focus on watchkeeping duties and predictions. Listen carefully as I provide examples using verbs for prediction (highlighted in color). Pay special attention to these examples and their usage in the context of engineroom watchkeeping. Stay engaged and ready to apply your understanding. Let's begin!
1) Briefing on position/movement/draft /ˈbriːfɪŋ ɒn pəˈzɪʃən/ /ˈmuːvmənt/ /drɑːft/ - робити доповідь про переміщення/положення/осадку Example: Before the voyage, the chief engineer will conduct a briefing on the ship's current position, ensuring everyone is informed.
Fill in: to provide information or details (надавати інформацію) [fɪl ɪn] Example: Please fill in the logbook with the engine parameters before the end of your watch, as the next motorman will need the information.
Report back: to provide feedback or update (прозвітувати у відповідь) [rɪˈpɔːt bæk] Example: After inspecting the engine room, the motorman will report back to the chief engineer with the findings.
2) Watchkeeping responsibilities /ˈwɒtʃkiːpɪŋ rɪsˌpɒnsəˈbɪlɪtiz/ - обовязки вахтенного Example: As part of his watchkeeping responsibilities, the motorman will monitor engine performance and maintain accurate log entries.
Take on: to assume or accept (прийняти) [teɪk ɒn] Example: The newly promoted motorman will take on additional watchkeeping duties and ensure smooth operations in the engine room.
Carry out: to perform or execute (виконати) [ˈkæri aʊt] Example: The motorman will carry out regular inspections and maintenance tasks to ensure optimal engine performance.
3) Hand the watch /hænd ðə wɒtʃ/ - передати вахту Example: The outgoing motorman will hand the watch over to the incoming motorman, ensuring a seamless transition of responsibilities.
Pass over: to transfer or hand over (передавати) [pɑːs ˈoʊvər] Example: The chief engineer will pass over the watchkeeping duties to the newly assigned motorman during the shift change.
Relinquish control: to give up or surrender authority (передавати обов'язки) [rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ kənˈtroʊl] Example: The motorman will relinquish control of the engine room operations to the relief motorman after completing the watch.
4) Give a con (concern) /ɡɪv ə kɒn/ (/kənˈsɜːn/) - привести заперечення Example: The motorman will give a con to the chief engineer regarding the abnormal vibrations observed in the engine.
Raise an issue: to bring up or highlight a concern (підняти питання) [reɪz ən ˈɪʃuː] Example: During the watchkeeping, if any anomalies are detected, the motorman will raise an issue with the chief engineer.
Express reservations: to voice doubts or hesitations (висловлювати сумніви) [ɪkˈsprɛs ˌrɛzərˈveɪʃənz] Example: If there are concerns about the safety procedures, the motorman will express reservations during the watchkeeping report.
5) Duties /ˈdjuːtiːz/ - це обовязки, які повинен виконувати моторист Example: The motorman is going to perform his duties by inspecting engine components and troubleshooting any issues.
Carry out: to perform or execute (виконувати) [ˈkæri aʊt] Example: We are going to carry out a thorough inspection of the fuel system to ensure its proper functioning.
Fulfil responsibilities: to meet or accomplish duties (виконувати обов'язки) [fʊlˈfɪl rɪsˌpɒnsəˈbɪlɪtiz] Example: I am going to fulfill my responsibilities by conducting routine maintenance checks on the engine room equipment.
6) Responsibilities /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪlɪtiz/ - це дії згідно до визначеного завдання Example: I am going to ensure that all my watchkeeping responsibilities are carried out diligently and according to protocol.
Live up to: to meet or fulfill (відповідати) [laɪv ʌp tuː] Example: I am going to live up to the high standards of watchkeeping in the engineroom by maintaining strict discipline and attention to detail.
Take charge of: to assume control or responsibility (взяти на себе керівництво) [teɪk tʃɑːrdʒ ʌv] Example: I am going to take charge of the engineroom and ensure smooth operations and efficient maintenance procedures.
7) Visibility /ˌvɪzɪˈbɪlɪti/ - видимість Example: I am going to ensure clear visibility in the engineroom by keeping the windows clean and the lighting well-maintained.
Look out for: to be vigilant or watchful (уважно стежити) [lʊk aʊt fɔːr] Example: I'm currently looking out for any abnormal vibrations in the machinery, as it could indicate a potential issue.
Observe: to watch or notice (спостерігати) [əbˈzɜːrv] Example: I'm observing the increase in exhaust gas temperatures, which suggests a potential problem with the combustion process.
Weather report /ˈwɛðə rɪˈpɔːt/ - звіт про погоду Example: Based on the current weather report, we're observing a strengthening storm system approaching our location.
Provide updates: to give current information or reports (надавати оновлення) [prəˈvaɪd ˈʌpˌdeɪts] Example: I'm providing updates on the engine performance as we continue monitoring the systems for any potential issues.
Deliver a forecast: to present a weather prediction (представляти прогноз) [dɪˈlɪvər ə ˈfɔːrˌkæst] Example: I'm delivering a forecast for the upcoming weather conditions to assist in making informed operational decisions.
Barometer dropping/rising /bəˈrɒmɪtə ˈdrɒpɪŋ/ /ˈraɪzɪŋ/ - падіння/зростання барометричного тиску Example: I'm noticing the barometer dropping, indicating that there might be a change in weather conditions soon.
Decrease: to go down or reduce (зменшуватися) [dɪˈkriːs] Example: I'm observing a decrease in oil pressure, suggesting there could be a potential issue with the engine's lubrication system.
Increase: to go up or raise (збільшуватися) [ɪnˈkriːs] Example: I'm noticing an increase in exhaust temperature, which indicates a possible problem with the combustion process.
Warning /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/- попередження Example: The vibration levels in the machinery are gradually increasing, which may be a warning sign of impending equipment failure.
Sound the alarm: to activate an alert or signal (подати сигнал тривоги) [saʊnd ðə əˈlɑːrm] Example: The temperature in the engine room is rising rapidly, and if it continues, I'll have to sound the alarm for potential overheating.
Give notice: to provide a warning or notification (повідомити) [ɡɪv ˈnoʊtɪs] Example: I am noticing an unusual vibration in the engine, and if it persists, I'll have to give notice for further inspection.
Poetry
Poetry
10_14_1podcast.wavHere is poetry using the grammatical structure "Verb: Predictions: “will”, “may”, “might”, “could”, “should” and “present continuous”, and "some of the keywords" provided above. A verb is a word that shows an action or a state of being. Predictions are statements that express what will happen in the future based on evidence, experience or intuition. Some verbs can be used to make predictions, such as “will”, “may”, “might”, “could” or “should”. For example, “It will rain tomorrow.” or “She might win the lottery.” The present continuous is a verb tense that shows that an action is happening now or around now. The present continuous is formed by using am/is/are + present participle. For example, “I am writing a poem.” or “She is working on the engine.” Here is a poem with this grammatical structure and some of the keywords from the list above:
We are the ship's motormen
We fill in the watchkeeping responsibilities
We report back to the captain and the engineer
We take on the duties of the engine room
We are carrying out the maintenance and repair
We are handing the watch to our relief
We are passing over the information and instructions
We are relinquishing control of the machinery
We will give a con if we notice a problem
We may raise an issue if we have a concern
We might express reservations if we are not sure
We should fulfil our responsibilities with care
We are living up to our expectations and standards
We are taking charge of our tasks and actions
We are looking out for any signs of trouble or danger
We are observing the engine performance and condition
We are checking the weather report and the barometer
We are providing updates and feedback to our team
We are delivering a forecast and a plan for our work
We are increasing our awareness and readiness
We could sound the alarm if there is an emergency
We would give notice if there is a change or delay
We are the ship's motormen
We are prepared for what will come our way
We have used the grammatical structure “Verb: Predictions” in this poetry. We have also used different modal verbs to express different degrees of certainty or possibility about the future. For example:
Will to express a strong prediction or expectation about the future. For example, “We will give a con if we notice a problem” means that you are sure that you will do this in the future.
May and might to express a weak prediction or possibility about the future. For example, “We may raise an issue if we have a concern” means that you are not sure if you will do this in the future, but it is possible.
Could and would to express a conditional prediction or hypothetical situation about the future. For example, “We could sound the alarm if there is an emergency” means that you will do this only if there is an emergency in the future, which is not certain.
Should to express a recommendation or obligation about the future. For example, “We should fulfil our responsibilities with care” means that you think this is the right thing to do in the future.
You have also used different verb tenses to express different aspects of the future. For example:
The present continuous to express a plan or arrangement about the future. For example, “We are checking the weather report and the barometer” means that you have already decided to do this in the future.
The present simple to express a scheduled or fixed event about the future. For example, “We are the ship’s motormen” means that this is your identity and role in the future, which is not going to change.
Introduction
Introduction
10_14_2.wavEngage in a discussion with the teacher about future predictions and their relevance to watchkeeping duties in the engineroom. Use the provided verbs for prediction as prompts to guide your conversation.
Before we dive into our topic, let's start with a warm-up activity that focuses on watchkeeping duties in the engine room of a ship. We'll also explore the use of "will," "going to," and the "present continuous" tense when making predictions.
Let's begin by recalling some of the keywords we've learned so far, related to watchkeeping duties. Can anyone share one of the keywords we've discussed? Remember, these are words specific to the world of motormen and watchkeeping duties in the engine room.
Student 1: "Briefing on position/movement/draft" - it means providing information about the ship's current position, movement, and draft.
Teacher: Excellent! "Briefing on position/movement/draft" is a key term that refers to providing information about the ship's position, movement, and draft.
Great job!
Перш ніж ми розглянемо нову тему, давайте згадаємо про обов’язки несення вахти в машинному відділенні. Далі ми розглянемо використання "will," "going to," та "the present continuous" для прогнозування.
Давайте почнемо з того, що згадаємо деякі важливі слова, які ми вивчили раніше пов’язані з обов’язками вахти. Хтось може поділитися одним зі слів, які ми обговорювали? Пам’ятайте, ці слова часто вживаються серед мотористів для виконання вахтових обов’язків у машинному відділенні.
Учень 1: «Доповідь про положення/рух/осадку» - означає надання інформації про поточне положення, рух і осадку судна.
Вчитель: Чудово! «Доповідь щодо положення/руху/осадки» це ключовий термін, для надання інформації про положення, рух і осадку судна.
Молодці!
Now, let's move on to our main focus today: making predictions in the context of watchkeeping duties. Why do you think it's important for motormen in the engine room to make accurate predictions about different aspects of their work? Take a moment to think about it.
Okay, let's hear your thoughts. Who would like to share their opinion on why accurate predictions are crucial for motormen in the engine room?
Student 2: Accurate predictions help motormen anticipate and prevent potential issues, ensuring the safe operation of the ship's engine and systems.
Teacher: Excellent point! Accurate predictions allow motormen to anticipate and prevent potential issues, ensuring the safety and smooth operation of the ship's engine and systems. Well done!
Тепер давайте перейдемо до нашої головної теми на сьогодні: прогнози в контексті обов’язків несення вахти. Чому, на вашу думку, для мотористів моторного відділення важливо робити точні прогнози щодо різних аспектів своєї роботи? Знайдіть хвилинку, щоб подумати про це.
Гаразд, давайте почуємо ваші коментарі. Хто хотів би поділитися своєю думкою про те, чому точні прогнози мають вирішальне значення для мотористів у машинному відділенні?
Учень 2: Точні прогнози допомагають мотористам передбачати й запобігати потенційним проблемам, забезпечуючи безпечну роботу двигуна та систем судна. Вчитель: Чудово! Точні прогнози дозволяють мотористам передбачати та запобігати потенційним проблемам, забезпечуючи безпечну та безперебійну роботу двигуна та систем судна. Молодці!
Now, let's connect this to our language focus. We often use different verb forms when making predictions about the future. Can you think of examples where we might use "will," "going to," or "the present continuous" tense when making predictions in the context of watchkeeping duties in the engine room? Discuss with your partner for a moment.
А як це звязано з нашою темою? Ми часто використовуємо різні дієслівні форми, коли робимо передбачення щодо майбутнього. Чи можете згадати приклади використання "will," "going to," чи "the present continuous", коли робимо прогнози в контексті вахтових обов’язків у машинному відділенні? Обговоріть з товаришем!
Great! Now, let's hear some examples. Who would like to share a prediction using "will" in the context of watchkeeping duties in the engine room?
Student 3: "I believe the engine will need maintenance soon because it has been running for a long time without a break." Teacher: Excellent example! Using "will" to predict the need for engine maintenance based on the duration of continuous operation is a great observation. Thank you for sharing.
Чудово! Від вас кілька прикладів, будь ласка. Хтось хотів би поділитися прогнозом, у використанні "will" в контексті вахтових обов’язків у машинному відділенні?
Учень 3: «Я вважаю, що двигун скоро потребуватиме технічного обслуговування, тому що він працював довгий час без перерви».
Вчитель: Чудовий приклад! Використання "will" для прогнозування необхідності обслуговування двигуна на постійні основі - це чудове спостереження. Дякую, що поділилися.
Now, who can give an example using "going to" to make a prediction related to watchkeeping duties in the engine room?
Student 4: "Based on the decreasing fuel levels, we are going to need to refuel the engine very soon."
Teacher: Fantastic example! Using "going to" to predict the need for refueling based on the decreasing fuel levels is spot on. Well done!
Тепер, хто може навести приклад вживання "going to", для передбачення, пов'язаний з обов'язками несення вахти в машинному відділенні?
Учень 4: «Зважаючи на те, що рівень палива зменшується, нам дуже скоро доведеться заправити двигун».
Вчитель: Чудовий приклад! Використання "going to" для прогнозування потреби в дозаправці за причини зменшення рівня палива - слушний приклад. Молодець!
Lastly, who can provide an example using the present continuous tense to make a prediction in the context of watchkeeping duties in the engine room?
Student 5: "I'm observing an increase in temperature, which indicates that there might be an issue with the cooling system." Teacher: Wonderful example! Using the present continuous tense to predict a potential issue with the cooling system based on the observation of increasing temperature is a great observation. By using the present continuous tense, you convey that you are currently witnessing the temperature increase and predicting a possible problem. Thank you for sharing.
Great job, everyone! You all provided excellent examples of using "will," "going to," and "the present continuous tense" to make predictions in the context of watchkeeping duties in the engine room. Now, let's move on to our lesson for today and explore this topic further.
Нарешті, хто може навести приклад використання теперішнього тривалого часу для прогнозу у контексті вахтових обов’язків у машинному відділенні?
Учень 5: «Я спостерігаю підвищення температури, що що може привести до проблеми з системою охолодження».
Вчитель: Чудовий приклад! Використання теперішнього тривалого часу для прогнозування потенційної проблеми з системою охолодження на основі спостереження підвищення температури це саме той випадок. Використовуючи теперішній тривалий час, ви повідомляєте, що зараз спостерігаєте підвищення температури і передбачаєте можливу проблему. Дякую, що поділилися досвідом.
Чудова робота! Ви всі надали чудові приклади вживання "will," "going to," та "the present continuous tense" для прогнозування в контексті вахтових обов’язків у машинному відділенні. А тепер давайте перейдемо до нашого сьогоднішнього уроку та розглянемо цю тему далі.
Presentation of "Will"
Presentation of "Will"
10_14_3.wavThe usage of "will" in engineroom watchkeeping involves making predictions about future events or outcomes based on assessment and judgment. It expresses confidence and certainty in anticipated situations, such as equipment performance or weather conditions.
Examples:
Example 1: "I believe the temperature will rise, indicating a potential issue with the cooling system."
Example 2: "The barometer is dropping, which means there will likely be a storm approaching."
Example 3: "If the pressure continues to decrease, it will lead to a drop in engine performance."
In engineroom watchkeeping, "will" is used to express confident predictions about expected situations, allowing for proactive monitoring and preventive measures.
Використання слова "will" під час несення вахти в машинному відділенні передбачає створення прогнозів щодо майбутніх подій або результатів на основі оцінки та судження. "Will" виражає впевненість у очікуваних ситуаціях, таких як продуктивність обладнання чи погодні умови.
Приклади:
Приклад 1: «Я вважаю, що температура підвищиться, що вказує на потенційну проблему з системою охолодження».
Приклад 2: «Барометр падає, це означає, що, ймовірно, наближається шторм».
Приклад 3: «Якщо тиск продовжує знижуватися, це призведе до падіння ефективної роботи двигуна».
Під час несення вахти в машинному відділенні "will" використовується для вираження впевнених прогнозів щодо очікуваних ситуацій, що дозволяє здійснювати ранній (проктивний) моніторинг і запобіжні заходи.
Activity 1: Identify the Use of "Will" for Predictions
Activity 1: Identify the Use of "Will" for Predictions
10_14_4.wavInstructions: a) Listen to the following four examples related to engineroom watchkeeping. b) Identify the use of the word "will" in each example. c) Provide a sample identification and explanation of the usage.
Example 1: "I believe the temperature will rise, indicating a potential issue with the cooling system."
Identification: "Will" is used to predict the future rise in temperature.
Explanation: In this example, "will" is used to indicate the speaker's prediction or anticipation of a future event. The speaker expects the temperature to increase, which serves as an indication of a potential issue with the cooling system.
Example 2: "The barometer is dropping, which means there will likely be a storm approaching."
Identification: "Will" is used to predict the likelihood of a storm approaching.
Explanation: Here, "will" is employed to express the speaker's expectation or prediction of a future event. The dropping barometer indicates that a storm is likely to occur in the near future.
Example 3: "If the pressure continues to decrease, it will lead to a drop in engine performance."
Identification: "Will" is used to indicate the consequence of a future event.
Explanation: In this instance, "will" is used to describe the expected outcome or consequence of a future event. The speaker predicts that if the pressure continues to decrease, the engine performance will be negatively affected.
Example 4: "Based on the engine's current condition, I think there will be a need for maintenance soon."
Identification: "Will" is used to express a future need or requirement.
Explanation: Here, "will" is used to indicate the speaker's prediction or expectation of a future need. Based on the engine's current condition, the speaker anticipates that maintenance will be necessary in the near future.
By identifying and explaining the usage of "will" in these examples, students can better understand how it is used to make predictions in the context of engineroom watchkeeping.
Presentation of "Going to"
Presentation of "Going to"
10_14_5.wav"Going to" is used to express future predictions or intentions based on present evidence or plans. It implies that there is a strong likelihood or intention for a future event to occur. In the context of engineroom watchkeeping, "be going to" can be used to predict and discuss future situations or outcomes based on current observations or plans.
"Going to" вживається для вираження майбутніх прогнозів або намірів на основі наявних даних або планів. Це означає, що існує сильна ймовірність або намір майбутньої події. У контексті несення вахти в машинному відділенні "be going to" можна використовувати для прогнозування та обговорення майбутніх ситуацій або результатів на основі поточних спостережень або планів.
Examples:
"The temperature in the engineroom is rising rapidly. We are going to face a potential overheating issue if it continues."
Explanation: "Be going to" is used to indicate the speaker's prediction of a future event based on the current observation that the temperature is rising rapidly. The speaker expects that if the temperature continues to rise, they will face an overheating issue.
"We have identified a leak in the cooling system. We are going to need to repair it before it causes further damage."
Explanation: In this example, "be going to" is used to express the speaker's intention or plan for the future. The identification of a leak in the cooling system leads to the prediction that they will need to repair it in order to prevent further damage.
"The fuel levels are critically low. We are going to run out of fuel soon if we don't refill."
Explanation: Here, "be going to" is used to predict a future event based on the current situation. The low fuel levels indicate that they will run out of fuel in the near future if they don't refill it.
Приклади:
«Температура в машинному відділенні швидко зростає. ми зіткнемося з потенційною проблемою перегріву, якщо це триватиме».
Пояснення: «Be going to» використовується для прогнозу майбутньої події на основі спостереження швидкого підвищення температури. Мовець очікує, що у випдаку продовження зростання температури, вони зіткнуться з проблемою перегріву.
«Ми виявили витік у системі охолодження. Нам потрібно буде її відремонтувати, перш ніж вона спричинить подальші пошкодження».
Пояснення: у цьому прикладі «be going to» використовується для вираження наміру мовця або плану на майбутнє. Виявлення витоку в системі охолодження дозволяє припустити, буде потрібен ремонт, щоб запобігти подальшому пошкодженню.
«Рівень пального критично низький. У нас незабаром закінчиться паливо, якщо ми не дозаправимося».
Пояснення: тут слово «be going to» використовується для передбачення майбутньої події на основі поточної ситуації. Низький рівень пального вказує на те, що паливо у них закінчиться найближчим часом, якщо вони його не доллють.
By using "be going to" in these examples, engineroom watchkeeping personnel can convey their predictions and intentions regarding future events based on their present observations or plans.
Використовуючи в цих прикладах "be going to" вахтовий персонал машинного відділення може передати свої прогнози та наміри щодо майбутніх подій на основі своїх поточних спостережень або планів.
Presentation of "the Present Continuous Tense"
Presentation of "the Present Continuous Tense"
10_14_6.wavThe Present Continuous Tense is not typically used for making predictions. However, in some cases, it can be used to express predictions based on current observations or plans. In engineroom watchkeeping, the Present Continuous Tense for making predictions can be used to discuss ongoing or anticipated future situations.
Теперішній тривалий час зазвичай не використовується для прогнозування. Однак у деяких випадках його можна використовувати для вираження прогнозів на основі поточних спостережень або планів. Під час несення вахти в машинному відділенні Present Continuous Tense для прогнозування можна використовувати для обговорення поточних або очікуваних майбутніх ситуацій.
Examples:
"I'm observing an increase in temperature, which indicates that there might be an issue with the cooling system."
Explanation: Although the Present Continuous Tense is not commonly used for predictions, in this example, it is used to describe an ongoing observation of an increasing temperature. Based on this observation, the speaker predicts that there might be an issue with the cooling system.
"The weather forecast is showing strong winds and rough seas. We are experiencing rough weather conditions."
Explanation: Here, the Present Continuous Tense is used to describe the current situation of experiencing rough weather conditions. It implies that the predicted future event, based on the weather forecast, is happening at the present moment.
Приклади:
«Я спостерігаю підвищення температури, що вказує на те, що може бути проблема з системою охолодження».
Пояснення: хоча Present Continuous Tense зазвичай не використовується для прогнозів, у цьому прикладі використовується для опису постійного спостереження підвищення температури. На основі цього спостереження доповідач передбачає, що може виникнути проблема з системою охолодження.
«Прогноз погоди попереджає про сильний вітер і штормове море. Погодні умови ускладнюються».
Пояснення: Тут Present Continuous Tense використовується для опису поточної ситуації, пов’язаної з несприятливими погодними умовами. Це вказує, на прогнозовану майбутню подію, засновану на прогнозі погоди, дія триває в даний момент.
While the Present Continuous Tense is primarily used to describe actions happening at the present time, it can be occasionally used in engineroom watchkeeping to express predictions based on ongoing observations or present circumstances.
Хоча Present Continuous Tense в основному використовується для опису дій, що відбуваються в даний час, його іноді можна використовувати в машинному відділенні для вираження прогнозів, заснованих на поточних спостереженнях або поточних обставинах.
Fill-in-the-blank Exercise.
Fill-in-the-blank Exercise.
10_14_7.wavExercise 1.
Exercise 1.
Choose the correct form of "will," "be going to," or "present continuous tense", etc., for predictions (if possible) to complete each sentence. Additional words may be used in conjunction with these verb forms to complete the sentences accurately. .
During the briefing on position, they [...] the current coordinates.
a) will discuss
b) are discussing
c) are going to discuss
Answer: a) will discuss
During the briefing on position, they will discuss the current coordinates.
Explanation: "Will" is used to make a future prediction or plan, indicating that the discussion will happen in the future.
The new engineer is ready to [...] the watchkeeping responsibilities.
a) take on
b) taking on
c) be going to take on
The new engineer is ready to take on the watchkeeping responsibilities.
Answer: a) take on (no prediction)
Explanation: "Take on" is the correct phrase to indicate assuming or accepting responsibility.
The motorman has noticed an increase in temperature in the engine room. He suspects there [...] a problem with the cooling system.
a) is going to be
b) will be
c) is happening
Answer: a) is going to be
The motorman has noticed an increase in temperature in the engine room. He suspects there is going to be a problem with the cooling system.
Explanation: The use of "is going to be" indicates a future prediction based on the motorman's observation of the increasing temperature. It suggests that there is a high likelihood or intention of there being a problem with the cooling system.
The motorman observes dark clouds forming on the horizon. It [...] soon.
a) is raining
b) is going to rain
c) will rain
The motorman observes dark clouds forming on the horizon. It will rain soon.
Answer: c) will rain
Explanation: The use of "will" implies a future prediction based on the observation of the dark clouds forming. It suggests that there is a strong likelihood or certainty of rain happening soon.
It's time to [...] the watch to the next shift.
a) pass over
b) passing over
c) will pass over
It's time to pass over the watch to the next shift.
Answer: a) pass over (no prediction)
Explanation: "Pass over" is the appropriate term to convey transferring the duty or responsibility to someone else.
If you have any concerns, please [...] with the supervisor.
a) raise an issue
b) raising an issue
c) will raise an issue
If you have any concerns, please raise an issue with the supervisor.
Answer: a) raise an issue (no prediction)
Explanation: "Raise an issue" is the correct phrase to express expressing or bringing up concerns.
Your primary duty is to [...] the assigned tasks.
a) carrying out
b) carry out
c) will carry out
Your primary duty is to carry out the assigned tasks.
Answer: b) carry out (no prediction)
Explanation: "Carry out" is the appropriate phrase to indicate performing or executing the assigned tasks.
As part of your responsibilities, you should [...] all your assigned tasks.
a) fulfill
b) fulfilling
c) will fulfill
As part of your responsibilities, you should fulfill all your assigned tasks.
Answer: a) fulfill (no prediction)
Explanation: "Fulfill" is the correct term to convey completing or accomplishing the assigned tasks.
The motorman has received a work order stating that they [...] perform maintenance on the diesel engine tomorrow.
a) will perform
b) are going to perform
c) are performing
The motorman has received a work order stating that they are going to perform maintenance on the diesel engine tomorrow.
Answer: b) are going to
Explanation: The use of "are going to" implies a planned or intended action in the future. The motorman has received a work order, indicating that they have already made plans to perform maintenance on the diesel engine.
The motorman observes that the oil pressure gauge is fluctuating. This indicates that there [...] an issue with the lubrication system.
a) is going to be
b) will be
c) is
The motorman observes that the oil pressure gauge is fluctuating. This indicates that there will be an issue with the lubrication system.
Answer: b) will be
Explanation: The use of "will be" suggests a prediction based on the observed fluctuation of the oil pressure gauge. It indicates that there is a strong possibility or certainty of there being an issue with the lubrication system.
The engineer needs to [...] for any changes in visibility.
a) look out for
b) looking out for
c) will look out for
Answer: a) look out for (no prediction)
The engineer needs to look out for for any changes in visibility.
Explanation: "Look out for" is the suitable phrase to indicate being watchful or attentive for changes in visibility.
The meteorologist [...] the latest weather report tomorrow.
a) will provide explanation of
b) provides
c) is going to provide
Answer: a) will provide explanation of
The meteorologist will provide explanation of the latest weather report tomorrow.
The use of "will" in this form indicates a future prediction or intention. It suggests that the meteorologist has made a decision or plan to provide the weather report tomorrow. This form is commonly used to express spontaneous or unplanned future actions.
The barometer [...] , indicating potential weather changes.
a) is dropping
b) drops
c) will drop
The barometer is dropping, indicating potential weather changes.
Answer:
a) is dropping
Explanation: "Is dropping" is the correct form to describe the ongoing action of the barometer decreasing, suggesting possible weather changes.
If you notice any abnormalities, you [...] the alarm immediately.
a) should sound
b) sounding
c) will sound
If you notice any abnormalities, you should sound the alarm immediately.
Answer: a) should sound (no prediction)
Explanation: "Should sound" is the appropriate phrase to express the recommended action of activating the alarm in response to any abnormalities.
The motorman notices an unusual vibration coming from the propeller shaft. This suggests that a misalignment problem [...] .
a) is
b) will
c) going to
The motorman notices an unusual vibration coming from the propeller shaft. This suggests that a misalignment problem is occurring.
Answer: a) is occurring
Explanation: The use of "is" indicates a present continuous tense, indicating an ongoing observation of the unusual vibration. It suggests that there is currently a misalignment problem with the propeller shaft.
The motorman receives a weather report indicating that a storm [...] later today.
a) will occur
b) is occuring
c) is going to occur
The motorman receives a weather report indicating that a storm is going to occur later today.
Answer: c) is going to occur
Explanation: The use of "is going to occur" suggests a future prediction based on the received weather report. It indicates that there is a high likelihood or expectation of a storm happening later today.
Reporting, Expressing Concerns, and Weather Updates: Responsibilities of a Motorman.
Reporting, Expressing Concerns, and Weather Updates: Responsibilities of a Motorman.
10_14_8.wavExercise 2 a.
Exercise 2 a.
In this exercise, you will fill in the blanks with the appropriate future form for prediction (will, be going to, or present continuous tense) in the context of a motorman's report. After filling in the blanks, provide a brief explanation for your choice of future form based on your understanding of the motorman's predictions.
The motorman [...] provide a detailed report to the chief engineer after inspecting the engine room and identifying any potential issues.
The motorman will provide a detailed report to the chief engineer after inspecting the engine room and identifying any potential issues.
In this sentence, "will" is used to indicate a future action of providing a report after inspecting the engine room.
After examining the equipment, the motorman [...] report back to the chief engineer about any anomalies discovered.
After examining the equipment, the motorman is going to report back to the chief engineer about any anomalies discovered.
In this sentence, "is going to" is used to express a planned action of reporting back to the chief engineer in the future.
The motorman [...] the engine room and will be delivering a comprehensive report to the chief engineer later.
The motorman is currently inspecting the engine room and will be delivering a comprehensive report to the chief engineer later.
In this sentence, the present continuous tense ("is currently inspecting") is used to describe an ongoing action, and "will be" is used to indicate a future action of delivering a report.
Upon completion of the inspection, the motorman [...] nform the chief engineer of any noteworthy findings in a report.
Upon completion of the inspection, the motorman will nform the chief engineer of any noteworthy findings in a report.
In this sentence, "will" is used to express a future action of informing the chief engineer after completing the inspection.
The motorman [...] an inspection and is in the process of preparing a report to be submitted to the chief engineer.
The motorman is currenlty conducting an inspection and is in the process of preparing a report to be submitted to the chief engineer.
In this sentence, the present continuous tense ("is currently conducting" "is in the process of preparing") is used to describe ongoing actions, emphasizing the ongoing nature of the inspection and report preparation.
Exercise 2 b.
Exercise 2 b.
10_14_9.wavThe forms used in these sentences vary to showcase different ways of expressing the motorman's concern or con in the future. "Will" indicates a simple future action, "going to" implies a planned action, and "present continuous" describes a future action in progress.
The motorman [...] express his concern to the chief engineer about the abnormal vibrations, indicating a potential misalignment problem in the engine.
The motorman is going to express his concern to the chief engineer about the abnormal vibrations, indicating a potential misalignment problem in the engine.
This form, "is going to," is used to indicate a planned action or intention in the near future. It suggests that the motorman has already made the decision to express his concern.
The motorman [...] raise an issue with the chief engineer regarding the ongoing abnormal vibrations in the engine, indicating a possible mechanical fault.
The motorman will raise an issue with the chief engineer regarding the ongoing abnormal vibrations in the engine, indicating a possible mechanical fault.
Here, "will" is used to indicate a future action or event. The motorman has made the decision to raise the issue and plans to do so.
The motorman observes the abnormal vibrations and [...] a con to the chief engineer to highlight the potential problem.
The motorman observes the abnormal vibrations and will be giving a con to the chief engineer to highlight the potential problem.
In this sentence, "will be giving" is used to describe a future action in progress. The motorman will be in the process of giving his concern to the chief engineer.
The motorman [...] express reservations to the chief engineer about the persistent abnormal vibrations in the engine, raising concerns about its reliability.
The motorman is going to express reservations to the chief engineer about the persistent abnormal vibrations in the engine, raising concerns about its reliability.
The form "is going to" is used to indicate a planned action in the future. It suggests that the motorman has decided to express reservations and intends to do so.
The motorman [...] the abnormal vibrations to the chief engineer, indicating his concern and suggesting further investigation.
The motorman will be reporting the abnormal vibrations to the chief engineer, indicating his concern and suggesting further investigation.
Here, "will be reporting" is used to describe a future action in progress. The motorman will be in the process of reporting the abnormal vibrations and expressing his concern.
Exercise 2 c.
Exercise 2 c.
10_14_10.wavThe different forms used in these sentences showcase various ways of expressing the motorman's action of delivering a weather forecast. "Will" indicates a simple future action, "going to" implies a planned action, and "present continuous" describes an ongoing or progressive action.
The motorman [...] deliver a weather forecast to provide valuable insights for making informed operational decisions based on the upcoming conditions.
The motorman will deliver a weather forecast to provide valuable insights for making informed operational decisions based on the upcoming conditions.
The use of "will" indicates a future action, suggesting that the motorman has a planned task of delivering the weather forecast.
The motorman [...] provide a weather forecast, enabling the team to make well-informed operational decisions.
The motorman is going to] provide a weather forecast, enabling the team to make well-informed operational decisions.
"Is going to" implies a planned action in the near future, indicating that the motorman intends to provide a weather forecast for the team.
The motorman [...] an ongoing weather forecast, ensuring that the operational decisions align with the changing conditions.
The motorman is delivering an ongoing weather forecast, ensuring that the operational decisions align with the changing conditions.
The present continuous tense, "is delivering," indicates an action in progress. The motorman is currently in the process of delivering the weather forecast.
The motorman [...] a comprehensive weather forecast, equipping the team with valuable information for operational decision-making.
The motorman will be giving a comprehensive weather forecast, equipping the team with valuable information for operational decision-making.
"Will be giving" suggests a future action in progress, indicating that the motorman will be actively engaged in delivering the weather forecast.
The motorman [...] regular weather updates, keeping the team informed and prepared for operational decisions.
The motorman is delivering regular weather updates, keeping the team informed and prepared for operational decisions.
The present continuous tense, "is delivering," highlights an ongoing action of providing weather updates. The motorman continuously delivers the forecast to keep the team informed.
Transformation Exercises
Transformation Exercises
Exercise 3 a: Predicting Future Events Using"Will".
Exercise 3 a: Predicting Future Events Using"Will".
10_14_11.wavInstructions: Transform present simple sentences into future predictions using the auxiliary verb "will."
The motorman delivers regular weather updates to assist in making operational decisions.
Answer: The motorman will deliver regular weather updates to assist in making operational decisions.
Explanation: We use "will" to indicate a future prediction or action, in this case, the motorman delivering weather updates in the future.
The motorman provides a comprehensive report on the engine's performance after conducting inspections.
Answer: The motorman will provide a comprehensive report on the engine's performance after conducting inspections.
Explanation: "Will" is used to indicate the motorman's future action of providing a report on the engine's performance.
The motorman observes any unusual vibrations coming from the propeller shaft and reports them to the chief engineer.
Answer: The motorman will observe any unusual vibrations coming from the propeller shaft and report them to the chief engineer.
Explanation: We use "will" to express the motorman's future action of observing and reporting any unusual vibrations.
The motorman carries out regular maintenance tasks to ensure the smooth operation of the engine.
Answer: The motorman will carry out regular maintenance tasks to ensure the smooth operation of the engine.
Explanation: The use of "will" indicates the motorman's future action of carrying out maintenance tasks.
The motorman fulfills his responsibilities by monitoring various engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Answer: The motorman will fulfill his responsibilities by monitoring various engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Explanation: "Will" is used to express the motorman's future action of fulfilling his responsibilities during watchkeeping by monitoring engine parameters.
Exercise 3 b: Predicting Future Events with "Be Going to".
Exercise 3 b: Predicting Future Events with "Be Going to".
10_14_12.wavThe exercise focuses on transforming present simple sentences into future predictions using the structure "be going to." Rewrite the following sentences using "be going to" to make predictions about future events.
The motorman delivers regular weather updates to assist in making operational decisions.
Answer: The motorman is going to deliver regular weather updates to assist in making operational decisions.
Explanation: "Be going to" is used to indicate the motorman's intention or plan to deliver regular weather updates in the future.
The motorman provides a comprehensive report on the engine's performance after conducting inspections.
Answer: The motorman is going to provide a comprehensive report on the engine's performance after conducting inspections.
Explanation: "Be going to" is used to express the motorman's plan or intention to provide a comprehensive report after conducting inspections.
The motorman observes any unusual vibrations coming from the propeller shaft and reports them to the chief engineer.
Answer: The motorman is going to observe any unusual vibrations coming from the propeller shaft and report them to the chief engineer.
Explanation: "Be going to" is used to indicate the motorman's plan or intention to observe and report any unusual vibrations in the future.
The motorman carries out regular maintenance tasks to ensure the smooth operation of the engine.
Answer: The motorman is going to carry out regular maintenance tasks to ensure the smooth operation of the engine.
Explanation: "Be going to" is used to express the motorman's plan or intention to carry out regular maintenance tasks in the future.
The motorman fulfills his responsibilities by monitoring various engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Answer: The motorman is going to fulfill his responsibilities by monitoring various engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Explanation: "Be going to" is used to indicate the motorman's intention or plan to fulfill his responsibilities by monitoring engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Exercise 3 c: Predicting Future Events with "the Present Continuous Tense".
Exercise 3 c: Predicting Future Events with "the Present Continuous Tense".
10_14_13.wavThe exercise focuses on transforming present simple sentences into future predictions using the present continuous tense. Rewrite the following sentences using the present continuous tense to make predictions about future events.
The motorman delivers regular weather updates to assist in making operational decisions.
Answer: The motorman is delivering regular weather updates to assist in making operational decisions.
Explanation: The present continuous tense is used to indicate the ongoing action of delivering regular weather updates in the future.
The motorman provides a comprehensive report on the engine's performance after conducting inspections.
Answer: The motorman is providing a comprehensive report on the engine's performance after conducting inspections.
Explanation: The present continuous tense is used to express the scheduled or planned action of providing a comprehensive report after conducting inspections.
The motorman observes any unusual vibrations coming from the propeller shaft and reports them to the chief engineer.
Answer: The motorman is observing any unusual vibrations coming from the propeller shaft and reporting them to the chief engineer.
Explanation: The present continuous tense is used to describe the ongoing action of observing any unusual vibrations and reporting them in the future.
The motorman carries out regular maintenance tasks to ensure the smooth operation of the engine.
Answer: The motorman is carrying out regular maintenance tasks to ensure the smooth operation of the engine.
Explanation: The present continuous tense is used to indicate the planned or scheduled action of carrying out regular maintenance tasks in the future.
The motorman fulfills his responsibilities by monitoring various engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Answer: The motorman is fulfilling his responsibilities by monitoring various engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Explanation: The present continuous tense is used to describe the ongoing action of fulfilling responsibilities by monitoring engine parameters during watchkeeping.
Closure
Closure
10_14_Afterword.wavAlright, class, let's take a moment to recap the key points we covered in today's lesson on predictions and the three future forms. We discussed the use of 'will' for spontaneous predictions, 'be going to' for predictions based on evidence or intention, and the present continuous tense for predictions related to planned events. Remember, as motormen, accurate predictions are vital for maintaining the engine's efficiency and ensuring the safety of our operations.
By making precise predictions, we can anticipate potential issues, report them promptly, and take necessary actions. It's crucial for us to be proactive in our roles. I encourage all of you to practice using the future forms we've learned today in your daily work as motormen. Pay attention to the signals and observations you make, and confidently communicate your predictions to the relevant personnel.
Гаразд, клас, тепер повторимо ключові моменти цього уроку про передбачення на якому ми навчилися вживати три форми майбутнього. Ми обговорили вживання «will» для спонтанних передбачень, «be going to» для передбачень, заснованих на доказах або намірах, і теперішнього тривалого часу для передбачень, пов’язаних із запланованими подіями. Пам’ятайте, що для мотористів точні передбачення життєво важливі для підтримки ефективності двигуна та забезпечення безпеки нашої діяльності.
Роблячи точні прогнози, ми можемо передбачити потенційні проблеми, негайно повідомити про них і вжити необхідних заходів. Для нас вкрай важливо бути проактивними на своїй посаді. Я заохочую всіх вас тренуватися використовувати форми майбутнього, які ми сьогодні вивчали, під час щоденної роботи моториста. Звертайте увагу на індикацію та спостереження, які ви робите, і впевнено повідомляйте свої прогнози відповідному персоналу.
Afterword
Afterword
Congratulations, motormen, on completing today's lesson on predictions in professional English. You have successfully learned and practiced the three future forms, 'will', 'be going to', and the present continuous tense, to make accurate predictions related to your responsibilities as motormen. By mastering these language skills, you can now confidently report, express concerns, and deliver weather updates, contributing to the smooth operation of the engine room and ensuring the safety and efficiency of the vessel. Keep practicing and applying these future forms in your daily work, and continue to enhance your language proficiency. Well done!
Page updated
Report abuse